Karlovy Vary, nádraží to Leipzig Markt train with Deutsche Bahn (RB)

Deutsche Bahn (DB) is Germany’s main train operator, running around 40,000 domestic and international services each day. Its fleet includes a variety of train types: high-speed ICE (Intercity Express) trains, reaching up to 300 km/h; IC (Intercity) and EC (EuroCity) trains for long-distance travel; and IRE (Interregio-Express), RE (Regional Express), and RB (Regionalbahn) services for regional and local connections. While bathrooms are standard on all trains, amenities such as onboard restaurants and free Wi-Fi are available only on certain train types and routes. DB offers a wide range of fares, including Super Saver, Saver, and Flexible tickets, along with discount cards like the BahnCard 25, 50, and 100. Additional options include single tickets, day tickets, and group tickets. Popular routes include Berlin–Munich, Hamburg–Frankfurt, Cologne–Stuttgart, Berlin–Dresden, and Hamburg–Cologne, as well as numerous regional services across Germany.

Vogtlandbahn, also known as Die Länderbahn, is a German private railway company headquartered in Bavaria. It operates regional diesel train services across the German states of Saxony, Thuringia, Bavaria, Brandenburg, and Berlin, with routes also extending into the Czech Republic. Vogtlandbahn is a subsidiary of Regentalbahn AG, which is owned by Netinera. The company was incorporated in 1997 and took over several services from Deutsche Bahn in the Vogtland region. A notable feature of Vogtlandbahn's network is the "Zwickau Model," where trains run from Zwickau's main station onto tram tracks to reach the city center. The Vogtlandbahn brand continues to be used for its core network services.